Role of NER in Healthcare Text Mining

Identifying What Matters: The Role of NER in Text Mining

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Introduction

Health care generates enormous amounts of data every day through electronic health records (EHRs), clinical notes, research articles, and insurance claims. But much of this data is unstructured and unusable for analysis to identify actionable insights. This is where Named Entity Recognition (NER) comes into play.[1]

NER is an important text mining technique to extract useful information from unstructured data within the field of health care. NER in health care provides identification and categorization of valuable entities (e.g., medical terms, patient names, drug names, dates, etc.) to improve decision-making and operational efficiencies.

What is Named Entity Recognition (NER)?

Named Entity Recognition (NER) is an automated approach to identifying and classifying entities mentioned in the text, including:

Names (Patients, doctors…)

Diseases…

Medications…

Dates…

Locations…

NER Process:

  • Inputting PHASE: Raw unstructured text (example: medical records, research papers)
  • Text Mining Algorithm: The algorithm identifies the relevant entities within the texts
  • Extracted Entities: One output from NER is structured data; for example, patient names, diagnoses, drug names.

NER is an essential process to convert unstructured healthcare data into a structured, usable form that supports analysis and decisions.[2]

The Healthcare Data Challenge

The healthcare sector has no shortage of problems due to the sheer amount and complexity of data generated. Here are some of the major issues that result:

Challenge

Effects on Healthcare

Unstructured Data

Hard to process and analyse successfully

Data Overload

Key insights often go unnoticed

Manual Analysis

Time-consuming and prone to error

The Importance of NER:

NER automates valuable information extraction from unstructured data allowing healthcare to make more timely and informed decisions.

Applications of NER in Healthcare

NER is widely applied within key areas of healthcare, from supporting clinician decision-making to supporting research and fraud detection.

  • Clinical Text Mining: NER will extract critical information (drugs, diagnosis, and procedures) from patient charts, which improves clinician decision-making and care.[3]
  • Electronic Health Records (EHRs): NER allows for improved analysis of patient data to support clinician assessment of patient diagnosis, treatment, and medication.
  • Drug Discovery: NER will help extract drug names and side effects from research or clinical trials to reduce the time to market a drug.
  • Medical Coding: NER supports the automated mapping of clinical information to ICD (International Classification of Diseases) codes to support billing, which creates more accurate billing and expedites claims processing.
  • Fraud Detection: NER helps identify mismatched billing codes or inaccurate procedures as it analyses patterns in insurance claims or medical billing for fraudulent activity.

Practical Applications

NER is already being successfully used in a few areas of health care:

Sector

How NER is Used

Pharmaceutical

Extracting drug names and outcomes from clinical trials to accelerate research.

Hospitals

Analysing clinical notes to identify important patient data such as relevant patient diagnoses and treatment plans.[4]

Insurance

Detecting fraud in medical claims through analysis of anomalies in billing data with NER.

Benefits of NER in Health Care

There are several important benefits to NER in health care:

Efficiency:

NER allows for the automation of data extraction and will save time and resources on manual sorting and analysis.

Accuracy:

NER improves extraction accuracy by extracting the correct information out of unstructured text which creates more dependable information.

Cost:

Automating data processing reduces costs related to manual times and errors creating greater financial returns for health-care organizations. [5]

Challenges and Considerations

Although NER may be a promising tool, there are challenges to consider:

  • Data privacy: Healthcare data is sensitive and requires protection. NER applications must remain compliant with privacy laws (e.g., HIPAA) to protect patient information. [2]
  • Data quality: NER works best when the data is clean and structured. Healthcare data is often noisy and/or incomplete, which makes identifying meaningful entities hard.
  • Adoption: Adopting NER into existing healthcare infrastructure can be a technical hurdle, and healthcare professionals may require training in order to utilize these tools effectively.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a promising technology that is reshaping the way healthcare data is processed and analysed. Gaining knowledge of entities from unstructured text provides solid evidence for healthcare providers to guide in decision-making, enhance patient care, and improve efficiency.[3] As technology continues to evolve, the impact of NER on healthcare would only increase, allowing for even greater opportunities for improved patient outcomes and efficiency. Unlock the full potential of your healthcare data with Statswork. Explore NER solutions today!

References

  1. Liu, M., Hu, Y., & Tang, B. (2014). Role of text mining in early identification of potential drug safety issues. Biomedical Literature Mining, 227-251.https://link.springer.com/protocol/10.1007/978-1-4939-0709-0_13
  2. Leser, U., & Hakenberg, J. (2005). What makes a gene name? Named entity recognition in the biomedical literature. Briefings in bioinformatics6(4), 357-369.https://academic.oup.com/bib/article/6/4/357/499223
  3. Esteban Andaluz, L. (2022). Detecting Most Important Sentences in Training Corpus For NER Task.https://e-spacio.uned.es/entities/publication/0453ff0b-a7fb-46e2-85f7-3dc2948ac0b6/full
  4. Derczynski, L., Maynard, D., Rizzo, G., Van Erp, M., Gorrell, G., Troncy, R., … & Bontcheva, K. (2015). Analysis of named entity recognition and linking for tweets. Information Processing & Management51(2), 32-49.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306457314001034
  5. Harmston, N., Filsell, W., & Stumpf, M. P. (2010). What the papers say: Text mining for genomics and systems biology. Human genomics5(1), 17.https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/1479-7364-5-1-17

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